View source for DCR Video Android SDK

{{Breadcrumb|}} {{Breadcrumb|Digital}} {{Breadcrumb|US DCR & DTVR}}  {{CurrentBreadcrumb}}
[[Category:Digital]]

== Overview ==
The Nielsen SDK is one of multiple framework SDKs that Nielsen provides to enable measuring linear (live) and on-demand TV viewing using TVs, mobile devices, etc.
The App SDK is the framework for mobile application developers to integrate Nielsen Measurement into their media player applications. It supports a variety of Nielsen Measurement Products like Digital in TV Ratings, Digital Content Ratings ([[DCR & DTVR]]), and [[Digital Ad Ratings]] (DAR). Nielsen SDKs are also equipped to measure static content and can track key life cycle events of an application like:
*Application launch events and how long app was running
*Time of viewing a sub section / page in the application.

== Prerequisites ==
Before you start the integration, you will need:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width: 15%;" | Item
! Description
! Source
|-style="background-color:#d0f6f8;"
 || '''App ID (appid)''' || Unique ID assigned to the player/site and configured by product. || Provided by Nielsen
|-style="background-color:#d0f6f8;"
 || '''Nielsen SDK''' || Includes SDK frameworks and '''sample implementation'''; ''See [[Android SDK Release Notes]]'' || [[Special:Downloads|Download]]
|}

If need App ID(s) or our SDKs, feel free to reach out to us and we will be happy to help you get started.
Refer to [[Digital Measurement Onboarding]] guide for information on how to get a Nielsen App SDK and appid.

==  Implementation ==
This guide covers implementation steps for Android Studio utilizing the Nielsen SDK for DCR.

{| class="wikitable" 
|-
! SDK Flavor
! Description
|-
| '''Android Ad Version'''
|* Opt-In and Opt-Out functionality managed by Opt out of Ads Personlization setting on device. '''(Preferred approach)''' <br />* The Nielsen SDK will collect the [https://developer.android.com/training/articles/ad-id Google Advertising ID] unless the user Opts Out.<br>* If the Google Play Service is unavailable, (ie: Amazon and Huawei devices) the Nielsen sdk will secure the Android ID.<br> * There are 3 versions available starting with the Nielsen SDK 8.1.0.0.
|-
| '''Android No Ad Framework'''
|* Without the Ad Framework, the Nielsen SDK cannot read the Google Advertising ID, so will retrieve the '''AndroidID'''.<br />* The AndroidID is a 64-bit number (expressed as a hexadecimal string), unique to each combination of app-signing key, user and device.<br />* The developer is required to present the User Choice Opt Out page which is described in the [[DCR_Video_Android_SDK#User_Choice|Privacy Section]].
|-
| '''Android SDK noID'''
|* This version of the Nielsen SDK is perfect for Kid apps, or where no ID is required.<br>* Please review the [https://engineeringportal.nielsen.com//docs/DCR_Video_Android_SDK#Special_Note_Regarding_Apps_in_the_Kids_Category Opt Out Requirement].
|}

=== How to obtain the NielsenAppApi ===
The Nielsen AppSDK can either be downloaded directly or can be integrated directly within an application through the use of Gradle. We recommend using the Gradle-based integration whenever possible to ensure you maintain the most recent changes and enhancements to the Nielsen libraries.
* [[Digital_Measurement_Android_Artifactory_Guide|Select to obtain Gradle implementation guide]]
* [[Special:Downloads|Select to Download Directly]]
__TOC__

== Setting up your  Development Environment  ==

=== Configuring Android Development Environment ===
*The Nielsen App SDK (located in the [https://engineeringportal.nielsen.com/docs/Special:Downloads Downloads section] of the website) class is the primary application interface to the Nielsen App SDK on Android.
*The Nielsen App SDK class is defined as the only public class belonging to the com.nielsen.app.sdk package.
*The Nielsen App SDK can also be added as a [https://engineeringportal.nielsen.com/docs/Digital_Measurement_Android_Artifactory_Guide Artifact Repository]. If implemented this way, you do not need to download the appsdk from the Nielsen Portal.

'''Nielsen App SDK is compatible with Android OS versions 2.3+. Clients can control / configure the protocol to be used – HTTPS or HTTP to suit their needs.'''

The requirement for the Java ''AppSdk.jar'' library and the ''libAppSdk.so'' native library will depend on the type of host application that will make use of them.
* '''For Video player applications'''
** The Android OS hosting the App SDK should use a media player supporting HLS streaming (Android 3.0 and later will support it natively).
** If the player application uses a 3rd party media player implementing its own HLS, then the minimum Android version will be limited to version 2.3, since the SDK depends on Google Play support to work properly.

Once SDK is downloaded ensure to unzip the Nielsen SDK and copy the AppSdk.jar in your app (Android Studio) libs folder, then right click the AppSdk.jar and select '''Add As Library'''.
Ensure the AppSdk.jar file is added in 'build.grade (App Level) file.
* App SDK 1.2 provides support for x86, mips, and armeabi-7a architecture.

==== Google Play Services ====
Add the Google Play Services in the project,
Steps: Android Studio -> File -> Project Structure ->(In module selection) select App -> Dependencies (tab) -> Click "+" button and search for <code>"*play-services*"</code>.  Then select the most recent version of the [https://developers.google.com/admob/android/quick-start play-services Artifact].
Ensure it is added in build.gradle (App level) file

==== Manifest File ==== 
* Add the following permissions on the project’s ''AndroidManifest.xml'' file.
<syntaxhighlight lang="html">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/></syntaxhighlight>
For more details to handle runtime permissions in Android versions, please visit [https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html].   

* In <code>AndroidManifest.xml </code>under <application> node add the following metadata

<syntaxhighlight lang="html"><manifest>
    <application>
        <!-- Sample AdMob app ID: ca-app-pub-3940256099942544~3347511713 -->
        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.android.gms.ads.APPLICATION_ID"
            android:value="ca-app-pub-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx~yyyyyyyyyy"/>
    </application>
</manifest>></syntaxhighlight>

* App SDK checks to see if there is a Google service available and updated.
* If not available or updated, App SDK will not use this service when executing its functions and will make reference to missing imports and the app will not be compiled.

==== Library ====
Nielsen App SDK uses the following packages/classes from the Google Play service.
<syntaxhighlight lang="coffeescript">
dependencies {
  implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads:xx.x.x'
}
</syntaxhighlight>

==== Classes/package ====
<syntaxhighlight lang ="javascript">
import com.google.android.gms.ads.identifier.AdvertisingIdClient;
import com.google.android.gms.ads.identifier.AdvertisingIdClient.Info;
import com.google.android.gms.common.ConnectionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesUtil;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesRepairableException;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesNotAvailableException;
</syntaxhighlight>

== SDK Initialization ==
The latest version of the Nielsen App SDK allows instantiating multiple instances of the SDK object, which can be used simultaneously without any issue. The sharedInstance API that creates a singleton object was deprecated prior to version 5.1.1. (Version 4.0 for Android)

The following table contains the list of arguments that can be passed via the AppInfo JSON schema.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Parameter / Argument !! Description !! Source !! Required? !! Example
|-
| appid || Unique Nielsen ID for the application. The ID is a GUID data type. If you did not receive your App ID, let us know and we will provide you. || Nielsen-specified || Yes || PXXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX
|-
| nol_devDebug || Enables Nielsen console logging. Only required for testing
|| Nielsen-specified || Optional || "DEBUG"
|}

== Debug flag for development environment ==
Player application developers / integrators can use Debug flag to check whether an App SDK API call made is successful. To activate the Debug flag,
Pass the argument <code>@"nol_devDebug":@"INFO"</code>, in the JSON string . The permitted values are:

* '''INFO''': Displays the API calls and the input data from the application (validate player name, app ID, etc.). It can be used as certification Aid.
* '''WARN''': Indicates potential integration / configuration errors or SDK issues.
* '''ERROR''': Indicates important integration errors or non-recoverable SDK issues.
* '''DEBUG''': Debug logs, used by the developers to debug more complex issues.

Once the flag is active, it logs each API call made and the data passed. The log created by this flag is minimal.
<blockquote>'''Note''': DO NOT activate the Debug flag in a production environment.</blockquote>

==== Sample SDK Initialization Code ====
[[AppSDK()]] is no longer a singleton object and should be initialized as below.

'''Initialization of App SDK object through a JSON object'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">try
{
  // Prepare AppSdk configuration object (JSONObject)
  JSONObject appSdkConfig = new JSONObject()
          .put("appid", "PDA7D5EE6-B1B8-XXXX-XXXX-2A788BCXXXCA")
          .put("nol_devDebug", "DEBUG"); // only for debug builds

// Pass appSdkConfig to the AppSdk constructor
mAppSdk = new AppSdk(appContext, appSdkConfig, appSdkListener);
}
catch (JSONException e)
{
  Log.e(TAG, "Couldn’t prepare JSONObject for appSdkConfig", e);
}
</syntaxhighlight>
Here, <code>appContext</code> is the App context object and <code>appSdkConfig</code> is JSON object for holding the parameters (<code>appid</code>) the App passes to the Nielsen App SDK via a JSON string. The appid is obtained from Nielsen operational support and is unique to the app.


The integration of Nielsen App SDK will depend on type of client app.<br />
* Ensure that SDK files (AppSdk.jar and libAppSdk.so [App SDK 1.2 Only]) are included under the App’s project and the App SDK is linked to the App (the setting to link App SDK to the App can be found on property page of the App’s project).

<!-- == Initializing the Nielsen AppSDK to measure the Viewability ==
The integrator to support the viewability metrics in the application has to provide a tag value of the player view to let Nielsen AppSDK know that there is a player that needs to be tracked. It’s called the ‘containerId’ and it should be passed in application info dictionary as string while initializing the Nielsen AppSDK.

==== Android ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #	!! Parameter Name	!! Description !! Supported Values !! Example
|-
| 1	|| containerId ||View ID of the UI element used as player view in application. getId() method of View class can be used to get this value.	||A positive integer used to identify the view. || 2131558561
|}

==== iOS ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #	!! Parameter Name	!! Description !! Supported Values !! Example
|-
| 1	|| containerId ||The tag of the UIView that represents the Player View	||The string value representing the NSInteger value with maximum value of NSIntegerMax that is related on 32- or 64-bit applications. || "100" <br> "2131558561"
|}

For iOS it is required to link additional frameworks that are needed for viewability engine:<br>
<code>JavaScriptCore.framework</code> <br>
<code>WebKit.framework</code>

The Nielsen AppSDK uses a tracking WebView (TWV) approach.  For more information on Viewability, please refer to [https://engineeringportal.nielsen.com/docs/Implementing_Viewability_with_AppSDK Implementing Viewability with AppSDK.]
-->

== APP SDK Error & Event Codes ==
To view the Error and Event codes for iOS and Android, please review the [[APP SDK Event Codes|App SDK Event Code]] Reference page.

== Configure Payload ==
=== Handling JSON Metadata ===
All the SDK methods handles only two types of objects: NSString, NSDictionary. The parameters passed must be either a JSON formatted string or a NSDictionary object. The JSON passed in the SDK must be well-formed.
* NSDictionary object
** If an object of unexpected type is passed to the method, the error message will be logged.
** If string has invalid JSON format, the error message will be logged.
* JSON value must be string value.
** This includes boolean and numeric values. For example, a value of true should be represented with "true", number value 123 should be "123".
** All the Variable Names like appid, appname, sfcode, dataSrc, title, type etc. are case-sensitive. Use the correct variable name as specified in the documentation.
* JSON string can be prepared using either raw NSString or serialized NSDictionary.
 <syntaxhighlight lang="java">
JSONObject contentMetadata = new JSONObject()
//SDK Metadata
    .put("type", "content")
    .put("assetid", "vid345-67483")
    .put("program", "Program Name")
    .put("title", "Program S3, EP1")
    .put("length", "3600")
    .put("isfullepisode", "yes") 
    .put("airdate", "20200321 20:00:00")
    .put("adloadtype", "2")
    .put("segB", "CustomSegmentValueB")  //optional
    .put("segC", "CustomSegmentValueC")  //optional   
    .put("crossId1", "Standard Episode ID")  //optional  
    .put("crossId2", "Content Originator")  //optional  
</syntaxhighlight>

=== Content metadata ===
Content metadata should remain constant throughout the entirety of an episode/clip including when ads play.
{{DCR Content Metadata}}

=== Ad Metadata ===
The Ad Metadata (if applicable) should be passed for each individual ad.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Keys	!! Description	!! Values	!! Required
|-
| type 	|| type of Ad	||  <code>'preroll'</code>,  <code>'midroll'</code>,  <code>'postroll'</code> <br> <code>'ad'</code>  - If specific type can not be identified.||	✓
|-
| assetid ||	unique ID assigned to Ad	|| custom <br>(no [[Special Characters]])	|| ✓
|}

=== Example Ad Object ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="javascript">
// create ad object
"ad": {
  "type": "preroll",
  "assetid": "AD-ID123"
}
</syntaxhighlight>

== Sequence of Calls ==
=== play ===
Use [[DCR_Video_APP_SDK#play|play]] to pass the channel descriptor information through channelName parameter when the user taps the '''Play''' button on the player.
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">    public void play(JSONObject channelInfo);</syntaxhighlight>

=== loadMetadata ===
 <syntaxhighlight lang="java">public void loadMetadata(JSONObject contentMetadata);</syntaxhighlight>

=== playheadPosition ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">
public void setPlayheadPosition(long position)
</syntaxhighlight>

=== stop ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">public void stop()</syntaxhighlight>

=== end ===
When content stop is initiated and content cannot be resumed from the same position (it can only be restarted from the beginning of stream).
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">public void end()</syntaxhighlight>

== Configure API Calls ==

=== Sample API Sequence ===
A Sample API sequence could follow this flow:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Type !! Sample code !! Description
|-
|On App Start||<code>[nielsenMeter loadMetadata: contentMetadata];</code> || // contentMetadata Object contains the JSON metadata for the impression
|-
| rowspan="2" | Start of stream || <code>[nielsenMeter play];</code> || // call at start of each new stream
|-
| <code>[nielsenMeter loadMetadata: contentMetadataObject];</code> || // contentMetadataObject contains the JSON metadata for the content being played
|-
| Content || <code>[nielsenMeter setplayheadPosition: position];</code> || // playheadPosition is position of the playhead while the content is being played
|-
| End of Stream || <code>[nielsenMeter end];</code> || // Content playback is completed.
|}

=== SDK Events ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Event !!	Parameter	!! Description
|-
| 'play'	|| 	|| Call at start of each new stream
|-
| 'loadMetadata'	|| content/ad metadata object	|| Needs to be called at the beginning of each asset
|-
| 'setPlayheadPosition'	|| playhead position as integer<br/>
VOD: || current position in seconds <br/>
Live: current Unix timestamp (seconds since Jan-1-1970 UTC) <br/>
Note: 'setPlayheadPosition' has to be called every second
||
Pass playhead position every second during playback
|-
| 'stop' ||	playhead position	|| Call during any interruption to content or Ad playback and at the end of each Ad.
|-
| 'end'	|| playhead position in seconds	|| Call when the current video asset completes playback and pass the playhead position. <br/>
Example: At the end of the content stream, if the user switches to another piece of content, when the browser is refreshed or closed.
|}
<blockquote>Note: For livestream, send the Unix timestamp; for VOD send the time in seconds as integer. The final playhead position must be sent for the current asset being played before calling <code>'''stop'''</code>, <code>'''end'''</code> or<code> '''loadmetadata'''</code>,.</blockquote>

=== Life cycle of SDK instance ===
Life cycle of SDK instance includes four general states:
# '''Initial state''' – The SDK is not initialized and hence, not ready to process playing information. Once the SDK is moved out of this state, it needs instantiation of the new SDK instance in order to get the instance in the '''Initial state'''.
# '''Idle state''' – The SDK is initialized and is ready to process playing information. Once Initialized, the SDK instance is not processing any data, but is listening for the play event to occur.
# '''Processing state''' – The SDK instance is processing playing information. The <code>'''play'''</code> and <code>'''loadMetadata''' </code> calls move the SDK instance into this state. In this state, the SDK instance will be able to process the following calls.
## <code>'''setplayheadPosition'''</code> – Call this API every one second when playhead position timer is fired.  If a LIVE event, use the current Unix timestamp (seconds since Jan-1-1970 UTC).
## <code>'''stop'''</code> – Call this API when the playback is paused, switches between content and ad (within the same content playback) or encounters interruptions.
## <code>'''end'''</code> – Call when content completes. When called, the SDK instance exits from Processing state.
# '''Disabled state''' – The SDK instance is disabled and is not processing playing information. SDK instance moves into this state in one of the following scenarios.
## Initialization fails
## <code>'''appDisableApi'''</code> is set to <code>true</code>

<blockquote>'''Note:''' For API Version 5.1 and above, App SDK will fire data pings and continue measurement even after the user has opted out from Nielsen measurement on a device. The data ping will be marked as opted-out ping.

'''Note''': In case of any interruptions during playback due to alarm, calendar, call, flight mode, Wi-Fi toggle, channel change, etc., call [[stop]] to stop the measurement.
* As soon as the playback resumes, <code>'''loadMetadata''' </code> and   <code>'''playheadPosition'''</code> </blockquote>

=== API Call Sequence ===
==== Use Case 1: Content has no Advertisements ====
Call [[play()]] at start of stream

Call [[loadMetadata()]] with JSON metadata for content as below.
<syntaxhighlight lang="json">{
  "type": "content",
  "assetid": "vid345-67483",
  "program": "ProgramName",
  "title": "Program S3, EP1",
  "length": "3600",
  ...
}</syntaxhighlight>
Call [[setPlayheadPosition()]] every one second until a pause / stop.
Use the sample API sequence below as a reference to identify the specific events that need to be called during content playback without ads.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Type !! Sample code !! Description
|-
| rowspan="2" | Start of stream || <code>mAppSdk.play(); </code> || // Call at start of each new stream
|-
| <code>mAppSdk.loadMetadata(contentMetaDataObject);</code> || // contentMetadataObject contains the JSON metadata for the content being played
|-
| Content || <code>mAppSdk.setPlayheadPosition(playheadPosition);</code> || // position is position of the playhead while the content is being played
|-
| Interruption || <code>mAppSdk.stop();</code> || // call stop when content playback is interrupted
|-
| rowspan="2" | Resume Content || <code>mAppSdk.loadMetadata(contentMetaDataObject);</code>  || // Call loadMetadata and pass content metadata object when content resumes
|- 
|<code>mAppSdk.setPlayheadPosition(playheadPosition);</code> || // continue pasing playhead position every second starting from position where content is resumed
|- 
| End of Stream || <code>mAppSdk.end();</code> || // Content playback is completed.
|}

==== Use Case 2: Content has Advertisements ====
Call [[play()]] 

Call [[loadMetadata()]] with JSON metadata for ad as below.
<syntaxhighlight lang="json">{
   "type": "preroll",
   "assetid": "ad-123"
}</syntaxhighlight>
<blockquote>Note: In case the individual ad details are not available, send ad pod (presence) details through the [[loadMetadata]] and playhead position through [[playheadPosition]].</blockquote>

Call [[setPlayheadPosition()]] every one second until a pause / stop / another [[loadMetadata()]] is called. Playhead should be passed for the entire duration of ad pod, if the ad pod details are passed as part of [[loadMetadata()]].

'''Ad Content'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">    long pos = mAdPlayer.videoPosition() / 1000;
   if (mAppSdk != null)
   {
     mAppSdk.setPlayheadPosition(pos);
   }</syntaxhighlight>
<blockquote>Note: The playhead positions for ad and content should be maintained separately.</blockquote>

The sample API sequence can be used as a reference to identify the specific events that need to be called during content and ad playback.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Type !! Sample code !! Description
|-
| rowspan="2" | Start of stream || <code>mAppSdk.play(); </code> || // stream starts
|-
| <code>mAppSdk.loadMetadata(contentMetaDataObject);</code> || // contentMetadataObject contains the JSON metadata for the content being played
|-
| rowspan="3" | Preroll || <code>mAppSdk.loadMetadata(prerollMetadataObject);</code> || // prerollMetadataObject contains the JSON metadata for the preroll ad
|-
| <code>mAppSdk.setPlayheadPosition(playheadPosition);</code> || // position is position of the playhead while the preroll ad is being played
|-
| <code>mAppSdk.stop();</code> || // Call stop after preroll occurs
|-
| rowspan="2" | Content || <code>mAppSdk.loadMetadata(contentMetaDataObject);</code> || // contentMetadataObject contains the JSON metadata for the content being played
|-
| <code>mAppSdk.setPlayheadPosition(playheadPosition);</code> || // position is position of the playhead while the content is being played
|-
| rowspan="3" | Midroll || <code>mAppSdk.loadMetadata(midrollMetaDataObject);</code> || // midrollMetadataObject contains the JSON metadata for the midroll ad
|-
| <code>mAppSdk.setPlayheadPosition(playheadPosition);</code> || // position is position of the playhead while the midroll ad is being played
|-
| <code>mAppSdk.stop();</code> || // Call stop after midroll occurs
|-
| rowspan="2" | Content Resumes || <code>mAppSdk.loadMetadata(contentMetaDataObject);</code> || // contentMetadataObject contains the JSON metadata for the content being played
|-
| <code>mAppSdk.setPlayheadPosition(playheadPosition);</code> || // position is position of the playhead while the content is being played
|-
|  rowspan="1" | End of Stream || <code>mAppSdk.end();</code> || // Call end() at the end of content
|-
| rowspan="3" | Postroll || <code>mAppSdk.loadMetadata(postrollMetaDataObject);</code> || // postrollMetadataObject contains the JSON metadata for the postroll ad
|-
| <code>mAppSdk.setPlayheadPosition(playheadPosition);</code> || // position is position of the playhead while the postroll ad is being played
|-
| <code>mAppSdk.stop();</code> || // Call stop after postroll occurs
|}

<blockquote>Note: Each Ad playhead should reset or begin from 0 at ad start. When content has resumed following an ad break, playhead position must continue from where previous content segment was left off.</blockquote>

== Handling Foreground and Background states ==
There are a few approaches to managing the Foreground and Background states of an app available to use for state measurement.
* Utilizing the Androidx LifeCycleObserver (The recommended approach starting sdk version 7.1.0.0+)
* Utilizing the [[DCR_Video_Android_SDK#The_SdkBgFgDetectionUtility_class|SdkBgFgDetectionUtility]] class
* Adding a tag to the Manifest XML
* Manual Management
=== The LifeCycleObserver ===
AndroidX replaces the original support library APIs with packages in the androidx namespace, and Android Studio 3.2 and higher provides an automated migration tool. (Select '''Refactor> Migrate to AndroidX''' from the menu bar.)

Starting with version 7.1.0, with AndroidX support, an additional utility is provided in the AppSDK - application background/foreground state detection by the AppSdk leveraging the Android Architecture component "LifeCycleObserver".

The AppSdk is now capable of detecting the application UI visibility state transitions between background and foreground, without forcing the applications to register for AppSdk's AppSdkApplication class, which is responsible for handling the detection of application background/foreground state transitions at present.

<blockquote>Please note, that if you already have an app designed that utilizes the depreciated SdkBgFgDetectionUtility Class, the AppSDK will ignore any calls to these methods if it can utilize the LifeCycleObserver.  LifeCycleObserver based auto detection will take precedence. </blockquote>
==== Adding the AndroidX dependency ====
In order to make use of the app background/foreground state transition auto detection feature of AndroidX AppSdk, the app gradle file needs the androidx dependency. The AppSdk API calls - <code>appInForeground()</code> and <code>appInBackground()</code>  will still be respected by AppSdk by executing the old AppSdk flow of handling "app in foreground" and "app in background" states as is.

==== Using the LifeCycle Extension ====
The following androidx dependency is required in the app gradle file:
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:2.1.0"
</syntaxhighlight>

<blockquote>
If you would like to take advantage of this auto detection feature of AppSdk at the very initial stage (e.g. splash screen or at of app launch time), before the AppSdk is initialized, can do so by calling the following newly introduced AppSdk public api, passing the application context :
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">
public static void registerLifeCycleObserver(Context applicationContext)
</syntaxhighlight>
</blockquote>

==== Log messages for the new auto detection ====

When the AppSdk app successfully registers for the LifeCycleObserver : <code>Registered LifeCycleObserver for App Background/Foreground auto-detection</code>

* When the app enters the foreground state :<code>App is in foreground, auto detected by AppSDK</code>
* When the app enters the background state :<code>App is in background, auto detected by AppSDK</code>
* If the client app doesn't have the "androidx" gradle dependency and AppSdk fails to register LifeCycleObserver :<code>AndroidX LifecycleObserver can not be observed. Please use androidx dependency to activate SDK auto-detection of app background/foreground state.</code>
* When the appInForeground() is explicitly called while LifeCycleObserver auto detection is active :<code>Ignoring the appInBackground() call, as the App Background/Foreground auto-detection is active. The current state is - foreground</code>
* When the appInBackground() is explicitly called while LifeCycleObserver auto detection is active :<code>Ignoring the appInBackground() call, as the App Background/Foreground auto-detection is active. The current state is - background</code>

=== The SdkBgFgDetectionUtility class ===
Foreground/Background state measurement is a requirement of Nielsen AppSDK implementation which is especially crucial for static measurement. It may be implemented in multiple ways for Android. This includes
* Enable the Nielsen SDK to measure background/foreground state by makingthe relevant update to the AndroidManifest.
* Integrate Nielsen’s SdkBgFgDetectionUtility class within your Custom Application Class.
* Custom implementation of the required methods within your application.

==== ForeGround/Background Measurement via AndroidManifest ====
The simplest way to measure the app background/foreground state is to add the following application tag to the Manifest XML. Integrating this into the Manifest XML will enable the SDK to measure app state directly. This approach is supported for Android 4.0 and up only; it requires that the application class is not in use for some other purpose.
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">
<application android:name="com.nielsen.app.sdk.AppSdkApplication">
</syntaxhighlight>

==== Using the Android SdkBgFbDetectionUtility Class ====
For developers who are already using the application class, it is recommended that background/foreground state is implemented using the  [https://engineeringportal.nielsen.com/docs/Android_Background_Foreground SdkBgFgDetectionUtility class].  The  [https://engineeringportal.nielsen.com/docs/Android_Background_Foreground SdkBgFgDetectionUtility class] is compatible with Android 4+ and has been made available to Nielsen clients. (You will need to copy/paste the code provided into a file).

==== Manual Background/ForeGround State Management ====
In cases where the developer is not able to use the AndroidManifest.xml solution nor the Nielsen provided   [https://engineeringportal.nielsen.com/docs/Android_Background_Foreground SdkBgFgDetectionUtility class] the developer will need to manually identify the change of state through the application and call the respective API (appInForeground() or appInBackground()) to inform the SDK regarding the change of state from background to foreground or foreground to background.

The SDK is informed about app state using the below methods.
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">
AppLaunchMeasurementManager.appInForeground(getApplicationContext());
AppLaunchMeasurementManager.appInBackground(getApplicationContext());
</syntaxhighlight>
Within the lifecycle of individual activities, onResume() and onPause() are best suited to providing indication of the app state.


Correct measurement of the foreground/background state is crucial to Static App measurement within Nielsen Digital Content Ratings (DCR).
== Using the NielsenAppSDKJSHandler ==
There could be a scenario in which a browser page, that is already tagged with the Nielsen BSDK, needs to be loaded via a webview.  In this situation it is recommended to use the '''NielsenAppSDKJSHandler''' which will allow communication between the AppSDK and the BSDK. 
<br>

'''This feature is supported in versions 7.2 and above.'''
<br>

=== Implementation ===
* Make sure you have the latest AppSdk.jar from Nielsen
* Enable the javascript on webview using below lines
<br> 
 <syntaxhighlight lang=java>
WebSettings webSetting = webView.getSettings();
webSetting.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
</syntaxhighlight>
<br>
* Add  NielsenAppSDKJSHandler instance as javascript interface to webview with name “NielsenAppSDK” like below snippet
<br>
<syntaxhighlight lang=java>
webView.addJavascriptInterface(new NielsenAppSDKJSHandler(getApplicationContext()), "NielsenAppSDK");
</syntaxhighlight>
<br>
This will enable listening to BSDK api calls within the APPSDK.  Please make sure your Technical Account Manager is aware that you wish to implement this method so a configuration file can be modified on the Nielsen servers; however, there are '''no changes required to the Browser page'''.

==== Example:====
The below is an example of opening a webview with the NielsenAppSDKJSHandler
<syntaxhighlight lang=java>
      WebSettings webSetting = webView.getSettings();
      webView.getSettings().setDomStorageEnabled(true); 
      webSetting.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
      webView.addJavascriptInterface(new NielsenAppSDKJSHandler(getApplicationContext(), ""), "NielsenAppSDK");
      String url = "https://nielsen.com.index.htm";
      webView.loadUrl(url);
</syntaxhighlight>
<br>
<code>AndroidManifest.xml</code> may need the following permissions set:
<syntaxhighlight lang=java>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
</syntaxhighlight>
<br>

=== Closing NielsenAppSDKJSHandler ===
NielsenAppSDKJSHandler should be closed or cleaned up in below scenarios
* Before WebView is getting destructed
* Before loading new page
* Before closing application
NielsenAppSDKJSHandler provides a public interface with name "close()" and this function should be called on NielsenAppSDKJSHandler's instance in all above scenarios.

<syntaxhighlight lang=java>
// get your webview
WebView webView = findViewById(R.id.webView);
 
//Added JS Handler instance as java script interface for ggpm api type
NielsenAppSDKJSHandler jshandler = new NielsenAppSDKJSHandler(getApplicationContext(), "");
webView.addJavascriptInterface(jshandler, "NielsenAppSDK");
 
//Close JS Handler before making webview as null
jshandler.close();
webView = null;
</syntaxhighlight>

== Interruptions during playback ==
As part of integrating Nielsen App SDK with the player application, the Video app developer needs to handle the following possible interruption scenarios:
* Pause / Play
* Network Loss (Wi-Fi / Airplane / Cellular)
* Call Interrupt (SIM or Third party Skype / Hangout call)
* Alarm Interrupt
* Content Buffering
* Device Lock / Unlock 
* App going in the Background/Foreground
* Channel / Station Change Scenario
* Unplugging of headphone
In case of encountering one of the above interruptions, the player application needs to
* Call [[stop]] immediately (except when content is buffering) and withhold sending playhead position.
* Start sending pings – <code>'loadMetadata'</code> and <code>'playheadPosition'</code> for the new viewing session, once the playback resumes.
Please see the [https://engineeringportal.nielsen.com/docs/Digital_Measurement_Interruption_Scenarios Interruption Scenarios Page] for more details

== Pre-Certification Checklists ==
After the application is ready to be sent for Nielsen Certification, please go through the [[Digital Pre-Certification Checklist App SDK]] and ensure the app behaves as expected, before submitting to Nielsen.

{{Template:Android_Privacy_and_Opt-Out}}

== Going Live ==
Following Nielsen testing, you will need to:

# '''Disable Debug Logging''': Disable logging by deleting <code>{nol_sdkDebug: 'DEBUG'}</code> from initialization call.
# '''Notify Nielsen''': Once you are ready to go live, let us know so we can enable you for reporting. We will not be able to collect or report data prior to receiving notification from you.

== Sample Applications ==
The below sample applications have been designed to show the API's functionality and are broken into two distinct categories:
* '''Basic''' - To show the functionality of the Nielsen  API using a standard no-frills player.
** [[Android Basic example|Android Studio Example]]

* '''Advanced''' - Nielsen API integrated into a custom video player is bundled with the SDK.